FlarePath

What happened

NTSB summary, verbatim

The Safety Board’s full report is available at http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/2010/AAR1005.htm The Aircraft Accident Report number is NTSB/AAR-10/05. On August 8, 2009, at 1153:14 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-32R-300 airplane, N71MC, and a Eurocopter AS350BA helicopter, N401LH, operated by Liberty Helicopters, collided over the Hudson River near Hoboken, New Jersey. The pilot and two passengers aboard the airplane and the pilot and five passengers aboard the helicopter were killed, and both aircraft received substantial damage from the impact. The airplane flight was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91, and the helicopter flight was operating under the provisions of 14 CFR Parts 135 and 136. No flight plans were filed or were required for either flight, and visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident.

Probable cause

the Board's determination

(1) the inherent limitations of the see-and-avoid concept, which made it difficult for the airplane pilot to see the helicopter until the final seconds before the collision, and (2) the Teterboro Airport local controller’s nonpertinent telephone conversation, which distracted him from his air traffic control (ATC) duties, including correcting the airplane pilot’s read back of the Newark Liberty International Airport (EWR) tower frequency and the timely transfer of communications for the accident airplane to the EWR tower. Contributing to this accident were (1) both pilots’ ineffective use of available information from their aircraft’s electronic traffic advisory system to maintain awareness of nearby aircraft, (2) inadequate Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) procedures for transfer of communications among ATC facilities near the Hudson River Class B exclusion area; and (3) FAA regulations that did not provide adequate vertical separation for aircraft operating in the Hudson River Class B exclusion area.

Occurrence sequence

2 stepsNTSB coding · CICTT taxonomy

1 · Enroute-cruise
Midair collision
defining event
1 · Enroute-cruise
Midair collision
defining event

Findings

10 causal · 0 contributing

CAUSE
Personnel issues › Psychological › Attention/monitoring › Monitoring other aircraft — Not specified
CAUSE
Personnel issues › Psychological › Attention/monitoring › Monitoring other aircraft — Not specified
CAUSE
Personnel issues › Psychological › Attention/monitoring › Attention — ATC personnel
CAUSE
Personnel issues › Psychological › Attention/monitoring › Attention — ATC personnel
CAUSE
Personnel issues › Task performance › Use of equip/info › Use of equip/system — Pilot
CAUSE
Personnel issues › Task performance › Use of equip/info › Use of equip/system — Pilot
CAUSE
Organizational issues › Management › Policy/procedure › Adequacy of policy/proc — ATC
CAUSE
Organizational issues › Management › Policy/procedure › Adequacy of policy/proc — ATC
CAUSE
Organizational issues › Management › Policy/procedure › Adequacy of policy/proc — FAA/Regulator
CAUSE
Organizational issues › Management › Policy/procedure › Adequacy of policy/proc — FAA/Regulator

NTSB analysis

from the final report

The Safety Board’s full report is available at http://www.ntsb.gov/publictn/2010/AAR1005.htm The Aircraft Accident Report number is NTSB/AAR-10/05. On August 8, 2009, at 1153:14 eastern daylight time, a Piper PA-32R-300 airplane, N71MC, and a Eurocopter AS350BA helicopter, N401LH, operated by Liberty Helicopters, collided over the Hudson River near Hoboken, New Jersey. The pilot and two passengers aboard the airplane and the pilot and five passengers aboard the helicopter were killed, and both aircraft received substantial damage from the impact. The airplane flight was operating under the provisions of 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 91, and the helicopter flight was operating under the provisions of 14 CFR Parts 135 and 136. No flight plans were filed or were required for either flight, and visual meteorological conditions prevailed at the time of the accident.